Technology Readiness Levels (TRL)

TRL A: Technology concept formulated
TRL B: Proof-of-concept demonstrated in lab scale

  • TRL B1 : In-vitro efficacy/ results demonstrated
  • TRL B2 : In-vivo efficacy/ results demonstrated; TRL B1 + In-vivo efficacy/ results demonstrated
  • TRL B3 : TRLB2 + Safety & Toxicology demonstrated; TRL B1 + Safety & Toxicology demonstrated
TRL C: Prototype developed and tested; technology demonstrated at pilot scale (or a scale close to eventual use)
TRL D: Product or service offering tested in real/ field trials; Trial use by test customers; Clinical Trials completed
TRL E: Commercial production/ service offerings in place
TRL F: Proven technology with respect to established market